G. Seed

Seed: A reproductive unit developed from afertilized, mature ovule

Composition

A seed consists of:

  • Seed coat
  • Embryo

    (with or without endosperm)

Seed Coat

Structure:

  • Outermost covering
  • Testa: Outer layer
  • Tegmen: Inner layer

Hilum

  • Scar on seed coat
  • Point through which seed attaches to fruit

Embryo and its Parts

Embryonal Axis:

  • Consists of radicle and plumule

Epicotyl:

  • Part of embryonal axis between cotyledon and plumule

Hypocotyl:

  • Part between cotyledons and radicle

Cotyledons:

  • One or two present in embryo

Endosperm

  • Definition: Nutritive tissue formed in seed

Types:

Endospermic Seed

  • Food is

    partially used up

  • Example: Castor
Non-endospermic Seed
  • Food is

    completely used up

  • Example: Pea